Electrical Maintenance Fundamentals

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English

This is a two-part course which covers the 2020 NEC Changes. Part One covers the changes in Articles 242 and 250 of the National Electrical Code®. The new article 242 contains the requirements for overvoltage, or surge, protection. Article 250 covers the grounding and bonding of systems and equipment. Notable changes include the creation of Article 242 and deletion of Article 280 and 285, a new section addressing the bonding of equipment on the line side of the service, specific requirements for aluminum conductors, limiting the role of rebar in the grounding electrode system, fixing an error about the sizing of bonding jumpers, reducing the identification requirements for equipment ground conductors, and providing relief for the sizing of equipment grounding conductors in certain applications.

Part Two covers the changes in Articles 300, 310, 311, 312, and 314 of the National Electrical Code®. Article 300 contains general requirements for wiring methods. Article 310 covers conductors rated 2,000V and less. New Article 311 covers conductors rated more than 2,000V. Article 312 covers cabinets, cutout boxes, and meter socket enclosures. Article 314 covers outlet, device, pull, and junction boxes; conduit bodies; fittings; and handhole enclosures. Notable changes include clarifying which fittings may be concealed, harmonizing building code and electrical code rules for stair enclosures, a complete rewrite of Article 310, a new article 311, specific rules for cable trays and enclosures used together, and major changes for boxes in the ceilings of dwelling units.

Learning Objectives

• Explain why Articles 280 and 285 were combined into Article 242
• Describe the evolution of Article 250 since 2008
• Identify some of the system grounding configurations that are allowed in the NEC
• Explain why Article 310 was rewritten and explain the new requirements for Article 311
• List the requirements for conductors entering enclosures from a cable tray
• Discuss the rules for equipment in panelboard cabinets

Duration: 0.50 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video, MobileReady

Do you know how to troubleshoot common electrical systems? This interactive online course on basic electrical maintenance will equip you with the knowledge you need to safely identify and troubleshoot common and standard electrical systems and components found in commercial buildings. Whether you’re responsible for performing the maintenance, supervising maintenance personnel, or planning projects in this area, this information is critical for you to be aware of, and will allow you to lead and guide others in your organization. Knowledge of the typical electrical components covered in this course will be critical for your personal safety, and the safety of others that you’re working around. Improper actions or conditions encountered with these devices and components could result in serious unsafe conditions, including fire hazards, electrical shock, and even death. This course will show you how to avoid these conditions while operating and resetting GFCI receptacles and while replacing ballasts, light switches, and electrical receptacles.

Learning Objectives

• List the steps to diagnose and troubleshoot a bad fuse
• Describe how a GFCI works
• Identify hot, neutral, and ground electrical wiring
• Identify the hazards of working energized
• Indicate the first step in disconnecting a light switch for replacement
• Select the correct wiring configuration when replacing an electrical receptacle

Duration: 0.50 Hrs

Course Level: Fundamental
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video, MobileReady

In this interactive online course, you’ll learn basic electrical troubleshooting concepts. You’ll learn the difference between a step-up and a step-down transformer, how to test for unbalanced loads and blown fuses, and how to tell if the insulation on a wire is adequate so it doesn’t present a hazard. You’ll be introduced to tools such as a clamp-on ammeter, megohmmeter and voltmeter used in the practice of electrical troubleshooting. The information covered in this course can be applied at your facility for safe work on large and small electrical components.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the capabilities of multimeter
• Describe the use of clamp ammeters, megohmeters and non-contact temperature sensors for troubleshooting
• List some tests that can be used to troubleshoot motors
• Describe troubleshooting motor controllers and fuses
• Describe the purpose of a transformer

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

The purpose of this unit is to teach the basic principles of protective relays and to introduce directional and non-directional relays. The unit begins with the basic theory of protective relays, commonly used types of relays, and a brief explanation of how these relays are used. Additional details and examples of applications are provided for directional and non-directional relays. At the conclusion of this unit, the trainees should have a basic understanding of how protective relays work. They should be able to explain the need for protective relays and to list commonly used types of relays and their functions. They should also be able to explain how directional and non-directional relays work and give examples of situations in which they are used.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the purpose of protective relays in a Transmission and Distribution system

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

The purpose of this unit is to continue the development begun in Relays, Part 1 by introducing differential and pilot relays and discussing routine relay maintenance. The relays examined are differential relays and pilot relays used for differential comparison, phase comparison, and transfer tripping. The unit demonstrates how to inspect and maintain relays and how to put them in and out of service. At the conclusion of this unit, trainees should be able to explain how differential and pilot relays work and give examples of situations where they are used. They should also be able to describe how to approach routine inspection and maintenance and how to put a relay in or out of service.

Learning Objectives

• Identify five common relay elements

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

Circuit breakers are devices that open or close a set of electrical contacts to interrupt or complete an electrical circuit. A switchgear is a self-contained, enclosed assembly of circuit breakers and related components. Both circuit breakers and switchgear serve to protect plant circuits from various electrical problems. They can switch power on and off, and they can isolate circuits on which work is being performed. Electrical maintenance personnel are responsible for keeping circuit breakers and switchgear working properly and for performing periodic inspections and any necessary repairs. This course covers the operation and maintenance of high-voltage circuit breakers and switchgear (4 KV and above) that are typically used for in-plant distribution of electrical power. Many high-voltage circuit breakers used for transmission purposes consist of three single-phase breakers connected to a common operating mechanism. However, the distribution breakers discussed in this course are three-phase breakers.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the procedure for disconnecting an air-magnetic circuit breaker from primary power.
• List the components inspected on an air-magnetic circuit breaker during preventive maintenance.
• List the tests performed on an air-magnetic circuit breaker during preventive maintenance.
• List the inspections and tests performed on an oil circuit breaker during preventive maintenance.

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the use of basic troubleshooting procedures to troubleshoot problems in electrical circuits. After completing this course, participants should be able to identify and describe the main steps of a basic troubleshooting procedure and use the procedure to troubleshoot problems in electrical equipment and electrical systems.

Learning Objectives

• Explain what troubleshooting is.
• Identify and describe the main steps of a basic troubleshooting procedure.
• Describe how electrical tests can be used in the process of elimination.
• Describe two basic ways that the process of elimination can be used in troubleshooting.
• Describe how to troubleshoot a problem in a piece of electrical equipment.
• Describe how to troubleshoot a problem in an electrical system.

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course is designed to introduce participants to industrial battery systems, battery cells, and how to inspect and test batteries. After completing this course, participants should know the characteristics and basic operation of a typical battery system and its components. They should also understand how to inspect and perform basic tests on industrial batteries.

Learning Objectives

• Describe a typical industrial battery system.
• List the basic components of a lead-acid cell.
• Describe the electrochemical action in a cell that is charging.
• Describe the electrochemical action in a cell that is discharging.
• State the voltage rating for a typical cell at full charge.
• Explain a cell’s capacity rating.
• Briefly describe the relationship of cell capacity, voltage, and specific gravity during discharge and recharge.
• Describe the functions of a typical battery system charger.
• List the common components of most battery chargers and describe their functions.
• List the protective equipment and safety procedures associated with working on batteries.
• Describe typical visual inspection checks.
• State the purpose of and describe the basic steps for checking intercell and terminal connection resistances.
• State the purpose of and describe the basic steps for checking specific gravity.
• Explain the effect of temperature on specific gravity.

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course is designed to familiarize participants with various types of fasteners used in electrical work. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe common types of threaded and non-threaded fasteners and identify applications for which each type might be used. They should also be able to describe basic procedures for installing fasteners.

Learning Objectives

• Describe some common types of threaded fasteners and identify applications for which these fasteners may be used.
• Describe some common types of non-threaded fasteners and identify applications for which these fasteners may be used.
• Describe general steps for installing threaded fasteners.
• Describe a typical procedure for installing a toggle bolt.
• Describe a typical procedure for installing an anchor bolt in wet concrete.
• Describe a typical procedure for installing an expansion anchor bolt in hardened concrete.
• Describe a typical procedure for installing blind rivets.

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the organization and layout of the National Electrical Code® (NEC®). After completing this course, participants should be able to use the NEC to locate specific types of information.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the purpose and describe the history of the NEC®.
• Describe how the NEC® was developed and revised.
• Describe the role of testing laboratories in developing the NEC®.
• Describe the purpose of the NFPA® and the NEMA.
• Explain the difference between mandatory rules and advisory rules.
• Describe the kinds of information found in Articles 90, 100, and 110 of the NEC®.
• Define the terms “labeled” and “listed.”
• Describe how the chapters of the NEC® are organized.
• Describe the different types of text used in the NEC®. Using the NEC
• Explain how to locate information for a particular procedure in the NEC®.
• Identify and describe key sections of the NEC® that are often used as references for servicing electrical systems.
• Describe how the NEC® can be used as a reference for installing electrical systems.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

The purpose of this course is to provide an overview of the operation and maintenance of large alternating current (AC) generators, which are primarily used to supply electrical power in the magnitude of kilowatts (thousands of watts) and megawatts (millions of watts). This course covers common AC generator maintenance tasks such as replacing brushes, performing overhauls, and conducting electrical tests.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the purpose of the American Standard Device Function Numbers Table and the Standard Diagram Abbreviations Table.
• State the purpose of a block diagram and a legend.
• Define the purpose of a single-line diagram.
• Identify a motor circuit and a control circuit on a schematic.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course introduces participants to AC motor controllers, which are devices, or groups of devices, that control the operation of alternating current (AC) motors. They can start, stop, or protect a motor; control its speed; and change its direction. By doing so, AC motor controllers make it possible to use motors more effectively in industrial operations. In most industrial facilities, electrical maintenance personnel are responsible for maintaining AC motor controllers and correcting any controller problems that arise.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the operating principles of manual and magnetic motor controllers.
• Discuss the operation of the most common types of pilot devices.
• Explain the operation of thermal and magnetic overload devices.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

Alternating current (AC) motor controllers serve a vital function in industrial facilities: They control the operation of AC motors. Therefore, when a controller breaks down, it is essential for electrical maintenance personnel to know how to locate the cause of the controller malfunction and be able to make the necessary corrections. It is also important for electrical maintenance personnel to be able to maintain the AC motor controllers in their facilities so that they operate with maximum efficiency and a minimum number of breakdowns. This course deals specifically with troubleshooting and maintenance procedures for AC motor controllers.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how a schematic diagram can be used to locate parts in an AC motor controller.
• Discuss the basic steps to troubleshoot AC motor controllers.
• Describe how to use a megohmmeter to test for grounds.
• Describe how to use a multimeter to test for opens and shorts.
• Explain the importance of cleaning and inspecting an AC motor controller.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course provides participants with an introduction to direct current (DC) motor controller classification and parts identification, controller diagram symbols and schematics, and how DC motor controllers change motor speed and direction.

Learning Objectives

• Explain what DC motor controllers do and how they are classified.
• Identify components of a DC motor controller.
• Recognize symbols commonly found in controller diagrams.
• Explain how to read a simple schematic diagram of a DC motor controller.
• Describe how a DC motor controller can control motor direction and change motor speed.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course introduces participants to the basic steps for troubleshooting a direct current (DC) motor controller, different types of controller diagrams and how to read them, methods for identifying mechanical problems, and the maintenance needed to prevent or correct these problems.

Learning Objectives

• List the basic steps for troubleshooting a DC motor controller.
• Explain how to use charts and diagrams to assist in troubleshooting.
• Describe how to inspect wiring, contacts, and other components in a DC motor controller.
• Explain how to disassemble and reassemble a contactor in a DC motor controller.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

Anyone who is responsible for maintaining direct current (DC) motors in an industrial facility has to have a thorough understanding of the specific techniques and procedures that are used to keep DC motors in top operating condition. Familiarity with the ways that DC motors operate and the methods used to classify and identify them is also important. To help prepare electrical maintenance personnel for working on DC motors, this course contains specific information covering DC motor operation and classification as well as detailed descriptions of procedures for troubleshooting, disassembling, inspecting, and reassembling a typical DC motor.

Learning Objectives

• Discuss DC motor operation principles.
• Explain how to inspect and replace brushes in a DC motor.
• Identify commutator problems and areas to be cleaned.
• Describe a DC motor overhaul.

Learning Objectives

• Identify and describe the main components of a typical oil circuit breaker and explain how an arc is extinguished in this type of circuit breaker.
• Describe and discuss the importance of switchgear and the contribution that switchgear makes to housekeeping and personnel safety in an industrial environment.
• List the components in a typical switchgear assembly.
• Describe how the contacts in a typical circuit breaker are closed.
• Describe how the contacts in a typical circuit breaker are opened.
• Describe how a shunt trip can be used to release a latching mechanism and open breaker contacts automatically.

• Differentiate between air circuit breakers and oil circuit breakers.
• Describe how a solenoid and springs are used to close and open the contacts in a typical oil circuit breaker.

• Identify and describe the main components of a typical air-magnetic circuit breaker and explain how an arc is extinguished in this type of circuit breaker.

• Identify and describe the main components of an interrupter for a typical vacuum circuit breaker and explain how an arc is extinguished in this type of circuit breaker.

• Identify and describe the main components of an interrupter for a typical puffer type SF6 gas circuit breaker and explain how an arc is extinguished in this type of circuit breaker.

• Describe a typical overcurrent protection system and a typical under-voltage and overvoltage protection system used with high-voltage circuit breakers.
• Discuss at least three common ratings that are found on breaker nameplates.
• Describe a typical overcurrent protection system used with high-voltage circuit breakers.

• Describe the purpose of maintenance and testing high-voltage breakers.
• Discuss the frequency of maintenance and testing of high-voltage breakers.
• Explain the importance of occasional operation of circuit breakers and switchgear.
• Express necessary safety measures taken during maintenance and testing.

• Describe or demonstrate the procedure for electrically isolating an air-magnetic breaker.
• Describe and discuss the procedure identified as racking out a high-voltage breaker.
• Describe or demonstrate how the interior of an empty switchgear cell is prepared for inspection.

• Describe how to clean and inspect the interior of an empty switchgear cell.
• Describe how to clean and inspect the components of a typical air-magnetic circuit breaker.
• Describe cleaning and inspection tasks specifically associated with vacuum circuit breakers.

• Describe typical procedures for electrically isolating SF6 gas circuit breakers and oil circuit breakers before maintenance is performed.
• Explain why and describe how an oil sample is usually tested before maintenance is performed on an oil circuit breaker.
• Describe safety and environmental concerns associated with the use of SF6 gas.

• Describe how to disassemble, clean, inspect, and reassemble a typical oil circuit breaker.
• Describe cleaning and inspection tasks typically associated with puffer-type SF6 gas circuit breakers.

• Identify and describe how to perform some common electrical tests that may be required during routine maintenance of high-voltage circuit breakers.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

Circuit breakers and switchgear are among the most common, yet critical, components of an industrial electrical system. Circuit breakers are devices that interrupt or complete electrical circuits. They protect systems and equipment from the effects of excessive current, and they provide a way to switch power on and off and isolate circuits or equipment on which work is being performed. Switchgear is basically a self-contained, enclosed assembly of circuit breakers and auxiliary devices. Part of your responsibility involves keeping circuit breakers and switchgear working properly. So, it is important for you to have a good understanding of how circuit breakers work and the types of maintenance procedures that are typically performed on them.

Learning Objectives

• Basic parts and operation
• Identify and describe common types of low-voltage circuit breakers.
• Describe the basic functions of a circuit breaker.
  Identify and describe major components of a typical low-voltage circuit breaker.
• Describe ways in which circuit breaker contacts can be closed.
• Identify the three sections of a typical switchgear assembly and describe the function of each section.
• Describe how a typical circuit breaker is connected to primary power and control power
• Principles of Circuit Interruption
• Describe what arcing is and how arcs form.
• Describe safety measures that should be followed to minimize risks associated with arcing and other electrical hazards.
• Describe factors that can affect how an arc is extinguished.
• Describe how a metal fin arc chute can be used to extinguish an arc in a typical circuit breaker.
• Explain what current zero is. Maintenance
• Describe a procedure for racking out a typical circuit breaker for maintenance.
• Describe basic maintenance procedures that are performed on a typical circuit breaker.
• Describe three checks that can be performed on the movable and stationary contacts of a typical circuit breaker.
• Describe how to perform an instantaneous trip test and a time delay trip test on a typical circuit breaker.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

Most single-phase alternating current (AC) motors are small-horsepower motors designed to operate on standard single-phase AC current. They are found in a number of home and industrial tools, including vacuum cleaners, can openers, power saws, drills, and fans. Electrical maintenance personnel are responsible for keeping the single-phase motors in their plant in top operating condition and for repairing them correctly and quickly if the need arises. This course explains how single-phase AC induction motors operate and how they are classified. It also covers some common procedures for testing and maintaining them.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the general types of single-phase AC induction motors.
• List the periodic inspections and preventive maintenance performed on single-phase AC induction motors.
• Describe the routine tests performed on single-phase AC induction motors to ensure proper operation.
• State the most common types of corrective maintenance performed on single-phase AC induction motors.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

Synchronous Motor MaintenancePower factor correction; Constant Speed under varying load; High efficiency; High torque at low speeds; Low Maintenance; Performance stability and Compatibility with Variable Speed Drives are among the many reasons for the popularity of Synchronous Motor Applications throughout industry. Like all manufactured products, however, Synchronous motor systems must be monitored and maintained or the performance benefits will diminish or disappear. This lesson focuses on the routine maintenance requirements for Synchronous motors and their controllers.

Learning Objectives

Topic 1: Synchronous Motor Principles, Part 1

• Define synchronous speed.
• Explain how amortisseur bars can be used to bring a synchronous motor up to synchronous speed.
• Describe how the rotor of a synchronous motor locks in with the stator’s rotating magnetic field.

Topic II: Synchronous Motor Principles, Part 2

• Describe the effect of load on a synchronous motor.
• Describe the effect of varying the rotor’s electro-magnetic field.
• Define power factor.
• Explain how power factor adjustment of a synchronous motor can improve the overall electrical efficiency of an industrial operation.

Topic III: Field Control of Synchronous Motors

• Define field control.
  Describe three problems associated with field control.
  Identify magnetic field controllers and state their main function.
  State the function of a field frequency relay in a magnetic field controller and describe its operation.
  State the function of a field loss relay in a magnetic field controller and describe its operation.

Topic IV: Preventive Maintenance

• List the items to be inspected on an operating synchronous motor.
• Describe or demonstrate how to test a synchronous motor to verify that it is de-energized.
• List the items to be inspected on a synchronous motor that is not operating.
• Describe or demonstrate an insulation test on both a rotor and a stator of a synchronous motor.
• Describe or demonstrate how to test a synchronous motor controller to verify that it is completely de-energized.
• List the items to inspect on a synchronous motor controller.

Topic V: Controller and Motor Testing

• Describe or demonstrate how to test a de-energized controller for grounds.
• Describe or demonstrate how to test a de-energized controller for opens and shorts.
• Describe or demonstrate how to test both the rotor and the stator of a synchronous motor for grounds.
• Describe or demonstrate how to test both the rotor and the stator of a synchronous motor for opens and shorts.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course covers three-phase alternating current (AC) induction motors, which use magnetic induction to convert three-phase AC power into mechanical energy. They are used throughout industry to drive equipment such as conveyor belts, pumps, air compressors, and generators. Three-phase AC induction motors are economical, efficient, and reliable. But, although they are reliable, they may still break down. Electrical maintenance personnel are responsible for maintaining the three-phase induction motors in their plant and for fixing any AC motors that have broken down.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the two most common types and applications of three-phase AC induction motors.
• List the periodic inspections and preventive maintenance performed on three-phase AC induction motors.
• Describe the routine tests performed on three-phase AC induction motors to ensure proper operation.
• State the most common types of corrective maintenance performed on three-phase AC induction motors.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

This course is intended to provide participants with a basic background in transformer theory and connection schemes as well as an overview of the most common transformer types and the typical maintenance and testing procedures that apply to them.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this course, you will be able to:

• List the essential parts of a simple transformer.
• State how a transformer fulfills the three requirements for electromagnetic induction.
• State the relationship between primary and secondary voltages and transformer turns ratio.
• State the relationship between primary and secondary currents and transformer turns ratio.
• Define the following terms:
  • Regulation
  • Copper losses
  • Iron losses
  • Eddy currents
  • Hysteresis
• Demonstrate how a transformer1s turns ratio can be altered by selecting various combinations of primary and secondary taps.
• Define the following terms:
  • Additive polarity
  • Subtractive polarity
• List the requirements that must be satisfied when transformers are connected in parallel banks.
• List the advantages and disadvantages of autotransformers as compared to two-winding transformers.
• List four common connection schemes for three-phase transformers.
• Define distribution transformer.
• List the basic safety precautions necessary before performing maintenance on a dry-type transformer.
• Using data from a transformer nameplate, indicate the required tap connections to maintain the rated output voltage for a given supply voltage.
• List the sequence of test connections for performing a ratio test on a three-phase transformer.
• List the necessary preparations and the connection sequence for performing an insulation resistance test on a three-phase transformer.
• Define wet-type transformer.
• Compare and contrast the safety considerations involved with the use of mineral oil and PCB’s as the insulating liquid in wet-type transformers.
• List three tests commonly performed on wet-type distribution transformers.
• List the basic steps in the high-potential insulation test procedure.
• List the basic steps in the two-voltmeter ratio test procedure.
• List the basic steps in the core-loss test procedure.
• Define power transformer.
• List four typical types of transformer cooling systems and the basic components of each type.
• Describe four typical methods for sealing power transformers.
• List the typical· in-service inspection points for a forced-air/forced-oil gas seal type power transformer.
• List the typical tests and checks performed on power transformers that are de-energized and cleared for maintenance.
• State the function of a load tap changer.
• Define the following terms:
  • Potential transformer
  • Current transformer
• Draw a schematic of a potential transformer showing its primary connections.
• Draw a schematic of a current transformer showing its primary connections.
• Describe the safety precautions required when disconnecting the secondary of a current transformer.

Duration: 1.00 Hr

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Compatibility: Audio, Video

Electrical problems may show up anywhere at any time. Some problems are as simple as an abnormal signal value that can be corrected by a minor adjustment. Other problems are not as easy to identify and correct, especially when the cause of the problem is in a non-electrical component or in another system. Regardless of the cause, electricians are responsible for zeroing in on problems whenever they occur and bringing things back to normal. A good way to ensure that the proper actions are taken in response to an electrical problem is to follow a troubleshooting procedure that is both systematic and logical. This course describes the basics of troubleshooting, general guidelines and action steps, and a seven-step troubleshooting method for solving problems.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the purpose of troubleshooting.
• Identify the advantage of breaking down a system into subsystems and components in troubleshooting.
• Explain the general guidelines for effective troubleshooting.
• Describe the action items to follow when troubleshooting.
• Describe the steps involved with troubleshooting a simple circuit.