Hydraulics

Duration: 0.25 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English, Portuguese, French, Polish, Russian
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

In a hydraulic system, pressure applied anywhere to a contained, incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. This course is an introduction to hydraulic systems and their uses. It covers hydraulic theory, common components, what mechanical advantage is, and how hydraulic fluid is contaminated.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this course, you will be able to:

• Describe hydraulic theory
• Identify and describe common hydraulic system applications
• Identify and describe basic hydraulic system components
• Describe mechanical advantage
• Describe the purpose of hydraulic fluid
• Explain the causes and effects of fluid contamination

Duration: 0.25 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English, Portuguese
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

In a hydraulic system, pressure applied anywhere to a contained, incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. This course covers the purpose and function of the major equipment used in a typical hydraulic system.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the components of a basic hydraulic system
• Describe the common types of hydraulic pumps and their applications
• Describe the function of actuating cylinders
• Describe the function of accumulators
• Describe the function of reservoirs
• Describe the function of filters
• Describe the function of heating elements and heat exchangers

Duration: 0.25 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English, Portuguese
Capability: Audio, Video

In a hydraulic system, pressure applied anywhere to a contained, incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. This course covers the purpose and function of the valves and various components used in a typical hydraulic system to control pressure, transmit fluid, and filter contaminants.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the common types of hydraulic valves (based on their functions)
• Describe common types of hydraulic tubes, pipes, and hoses
• Describe common types of hydraulic fittings
• Describe the purpose of filters and strainers
• Describe how to avoid fluid contamination

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the various types of actuators that are used in hydraulic systems. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe the basic components and operation of common types of single-acting cylinders, double-acting cylinders, vane motors, gear motors, piston motors, and partial rotation actuators.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the basic components and operation of a single-acting load-return cylinder
• Describe the basic components and operation of a single-acting spring return cylinder
• Describe the basic components and operation of a telescoping cylinder
• Describe the basic components and operation of a double-acting cylinder
• Describe the basic components and operation of a double-rod cylinder
• Describe the basic functions of piston rings, rod seals, rod wipers, and cylinder cushions
• Describe how fixed and pivoting cylinder mountings can be used to mount linear actuators
• Describe the basic components and operation of a vane motor
• Explain what a balanced vane motor is
• Describe the basic components and operation of an external gear motor
• Describe the basic components and operation of an internal gear motor
• Describe the basic components and operation of a gerotor motor
• Describe the basic components and operation of an in-line piston motor
• Describe the basic components and operation of a variable displacement in-line piston motor
• Describe the basic components and operation of a bent-axis piston motor
• Describe the basic components and operation of a vane type rotary actuator
• Describe the basic components and operation of a crank type piston actuator
• Describe the basic components and operation of a rack type piston actuator

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with typical procedures for removing, inspecting, reassembling, and reinstalling hydraulic system components. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe how to remove, inspect, reassemble, and reinstall hydraulic valves, pumps, and cylinders.

Learning Objectives

• Describe general precautions and preparations for safely removing and disassembling components from a hydraulic system
• Describe typical procedures for disassembling and inspecting valves that are commonly used in hydraulic systems
• Describe typical procedures for disassembling and inspecting a fixed displacement vane pump
• Describe typical procedures for disassembling and inspecting a hydraulic cylinder
• Describe general procedures for reassembling and reinstalling hydraulic system components
• Describe typical procedures for reconditioning, reassembling, and reinstalling valves that are used in a hydraulic system
• Describe typical procedures for reconditioning and reassembling a fixed displacement vane pump
• Describe typical procedures for reinstalling a pressure compensated, variable displacement piston pump
• Describe typical procedures for reconditioning, reassembling, and reinstalling a hydraulic cylinder

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with hydraulic system schematic diagrams. After completing this course, participants should be able to interpret symbols that are used on hydraulic system schematic diagrams and use schematic diagrams to trace fluid flow through various types of hydraulic circuits.

Learning Objectives

• Identify symbols used to represent the basic parts of a hydraulic circuit
• Identify types of lines represented on a hydraulic schematic diagram
• Identify symbols used to represent the following pumps: unidirectional fixed displacement, bi-directional fixed displacement, unidirectional variable displacement, and bi-directional variable displacement
• Identify symbols used to represent the following components: reservoirs, accumulators, heaters, coolers, and filters
• Identify symbols used to represent the following linear actuators: single-acting, double-acting, fixed cushion cylinder, and adjustable cushion
• Identify symbols used to represent the following hydraulic motors: unidirectional fixed displacement, bi-directional fixed displacement, unidirectional variable displacement, and bi-directional variable displacement
• Identify symbols used to represent the following valves: pressure relief valve, flow control valve, and directional control valve
• Describe basic guidelines for reading hydraulic schematic diagrams
• Use a schematic diagram to describe how fluid flows through an automatic venting circuit
• Use a schematic diagram to describe how fluid flows though an accumulator circuit
• Use a schematic diagram to describe how fluid flows through a regenerative circuit

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the fluid used in hydraulic systems and with the basic functions and uses of filters and strainers, reservoirs, conductors, and accumulators. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe the functions, characteristics, and types of fluid that may be used in hydraulic systems. They should also be able to describe typical uses of filters and strainers, describe the components and accessories of typical reservoirs, describe various types of conductors and fittings, and describe the basic functions and common uses of accumulators in hydraulic systems.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the functions of the fluid in a hydraulic system
• Describe properties that are considered when hydraulic fluid is selected for a specific application
• Describe the basic characteristics of various types of hydraulic fluid
• Explain how filters and strainers can be classified
• Describe typical uses of strainers and filters in hydraulic systems
• State the function of a reservoir in a hydraulic system
• Describe the components and accessories of a typical hydraulic fluid reservoir
• Describe various types of heat exchangers that may be used with hydraulic fluid reservoirs
• Describe types of conductors and fittings that are used in hydraulic systems
• Describe the basic function and common uses of accumulators in hydraulic systems
• Describe the components and operation of various types of accumulators

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the principles of hydraulic system operation and with the components and operation of some typical hydraulic circuits. After completing this course, participants should be able to explain how force is transmitted through a liquid and how pressure and flow are related in a hydraulic system. They should also be able to describe the main components and basic operation of several types of hydraulic circuits.

Learning Objectives

• Explain what a liquid is and how liquids differ from solids and gases
• Explain how force is transmitted through a liquid
• Define the following terms: “pressure,” “head,” “atmospheric pressure,” “vacuum,” “laminar flow,” “turbulent flow,” “velocity,” and “flow rate”
• Describe the relationship between pressure and flow in a hydraulic system
• List the main components of a basic hydraulic circuit and describe the function of each component
• Describe the basic operation of an automatic venting circuit
• Describe the basic operation of an accumulator circuit
• Describe the basic operation of a regenerative circuit

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the various types of pumps that are used in hydraulic systems. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe the basic components and operation of common types of gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the basic operation of a hydraulic power circuit
• Describe the role of a pump in a typical hydraulic power circuit
• Describe how positive displacement pumps work and explain why they are used in hydraulic power circuits
• Describe the differences between a fixed displacement pump and a variable displacement pump
• Describe the basic operation of an external gear pump
• Describe the basic operation of an internal gear pump
• Describe the basic operation of a gerotor pump
• Describe the basic operation of an unbalanced vane pump
• Describe the basic operation of a pressure compensated vane pump
• Describe the basic operation of a balanced vane pump
• Describe the basic operation of a fixed displacement radial piston pump
• Describe the basic operation of a variable displacement radial piston pump
• Describe the basic operation of a fixed displacement axial piston pump
• Describe the basic operation of a variable displacement axial pump
• Describe the basic operation of a fixed displacement bent-axis pump
• Describe the basic operation of a variable displacement bent-axis pump
• Describe the basic operation of a pressure compensated axial piston pump

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with tasks associated with the routine maintenance of hydraulic systems. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe general considerations associated with routine maintenance. They should also be able to describe procedures for performing external inspections and for maintaining some system components.

Learning Objectives

• Describe what routine maintenance is, and state its purpose
• Describe four steps involved in establishing a routine maintenance program
• Describe personal protective equipment and clothing that should be worn by personnel performing routine maintenance tasks
• Identify hazards of hydraulic fluid spills and describe one method of cleaning up a spill
• Describe what is generally meant by lockout and tagout and describe the purpose of such a procedure
• List components that are typically checked during a visual inspection and explain why they are checked
• Describe problems to look for during a visual inspection of fluid lines on an operating hydraulic system
• Identify areas where fluid leaks are commonly found, and describe possible causes
• Describe the term “starving the pump” and identify one possible cause
• Explain what a sounding rod is, and describe specific conditions or malfunctions that can cause components to make unusual sounds
• Define the term “hot spot” and explain how hot spots can be detected in a hydraulic system
• List possible causes of excessive vibration in a hydraulic system and list some possible results of this problem
• Describe two types of contaminants that are typically found in hydraulic fluid, and identify likely causes of each
• Describe how filters and strainers are maintained and explain why they must be maintained
• Describe a procedure for cleaning a hydraulic reservoir and explain the purpose of this task
• Explain the purpose of checking the charge of a nitrogen-charged accumulator
• Describe a procedure for cleaning an air-cooled heat exchanger, and explain why this is necessary

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with general steps for analyzing problems in hydraulic systems. After completing this course, participants should be able to explain how to identify problems in hydraulic systems and describe common problems associated with hydraulic system components.

Learning Objectives

• Identify prerequisite knowledge and skills that mechanics should have in order to troubleshoot hydraulic systems effectively
• Identify the basic steps of the troubleshooting process
• Describe the process of identifying a problem and taking preventive action in immediate response to a hydraulic system operating problem
• Describe how to evaluate common general symptoms of problems in a hydraulic system
• Describe common methods for applying the process of elimination to troubleshoot problems in hydraulic systems
• Describe major concerns associated with correcting problems and safely returning a hydraulic system to service
• Describe common problems that may be associated with the hydraulic fluid, hoses, and accumulators in a hydraulic system
• Describe common problems that may be associated with the valves in a hydraulic system
• Describe common problems that may be associated with the cylinders in a hydraulic system
• Describe common problems that may be associated with the pumps and hydraulic motors in a hydraulic system

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the basic design and operation of various types of valves used in hydraulic systems. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe the functions of flow and pressure in a hydraulic system; and identify and describe various types of manually adjusted valves, sliding spool valves, and spring-biased valves. They should also be able to describe various ways in which valves can be actuated.

Learning Objectives

• Define flow and describe its function in a hydraulic system
• Define pressure and describe its function in a hydraulic system
• Explain the functions of valves in a hydraulic system
• Explain the term “throttling”
• Identify and describe a typical needle valve
• Identify and describe a typical globe valve
• Identify and describe a typical plug valve
• Identify and describe a typical ball valve
• Identify and describe a typical gate valve
• Identify and describe the main components of a typical directional control, sliding spool valve
• Explain positioning of a directional control sliding spool valve
• Identify and describe a typical check valve
• Identify and describe a typical relief valve
• Identify and describe a typical pressure reducing valve
• Define cracking pressure and pressure override
• Describe three methods of valve actuation
• Explain what a solenoid does, and describe two different types of solenoids
• Describe a servo system and explain what it does
• Describe what a pilot-operated valve is and how it works

Duration: 2.00 Hrs

Course Level: Intermediate
Languages: English
Capability: Audio, Video, MobileReady

This course is designed to familiarize participants with the functions performed by various types of valves used in hydraulic systems. After completing this course, participants should be able to describe how valves control flow rate, flow direction, and pressure in a hydraulic system. They should be able to describe the basic operation of a pressure-compensated flow control valve, a temperature-compensated flow control valve, various types of flow control circuits, a pressure reducing valve, a relief valve, a sequence valve, and a counterbalance valve.

Learning Objectives

• Describe what a non-adjustable orifice is and what it does
• List three factors that affect throttled flow through a valve
• Describe how a pressure-compensated flow control valve works
• Describe how a temperature-compensated flow control valve works
• Identify three different flow control circuits
• Describe a bleed-off circuit and how it is used
• Describe a meter-in circuit and how it is used
• Describe a meter-out circuit and how it is used
• Explain how a directional control sliding spool valve controls fluid direction in a hydraulic system
• Explain what a pressure reducing valve does and how it works
• Explain what a relief valve does and how it works
• Explain what a sequence valve does and how it works
• Explain what a counterbalance valve does and how it works